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M. GARBEL. TYPEWRITING MACHINE. APPLlcAnoN FILED AUG.27, 15;"20.

.Reissued Mar. 14, 1922.

UNITED sra'riazs` PATENT OFFICE.

MAX GARBEL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T

GARBELL TYPEWRITER CORPORATION, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORA- TION OFDELAWARE.

TYPEWRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Reissued Letters 1atent. 'Reissued lar 14 1922 OriginalNo. 1,305,893, dated June 3, 1919, Serial No'. 232,016, filed May' 2,1918. Application for reissue led August 27, 1920. Serial No. 406,484.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, MAX GARBEL, a citizen of the nited States, residingat Chicago, in the county of Cook and. State of Illinois, have inventeda certain new and useful Improvement in Typewriting Machines, of whichthe following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description,reference being had to the zaccompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification.

The invention relates to improvements a t-ypewriting machiney andparticularly 'to 'l by travelers, persons engaged in military serviceand the like.

The invent-ion is applicable to type bar actions in which the typebarsreciprocate, as distinguished from actions in which the type barsare pivoted. Heretofore type bars of the reciprocating type have beenoperated from their corresponding key levers through intermediate leversand link connections or sliding connections. Sliding connections resiiltin a sluggish action due to friction and the difiiculty of properlylubricating the slides. Intermediate levers, or sub-levers connectedwith reciprocating type Abars through `link'or sliding connections havecommonly necessitated the use of sub-levers or intermediate levers ofconsiderable length in order to get the necessary degree of throw= toproperly operate the type bars. This has resulted in a machine ofconsiderable height because of the necessary separation of key leversand type bars to accommodate the intermediate lever mechanism.

It is an object of the invention to pro'-V vide a segmental gearconnection with each of the type bars, the segmental gear being actuatedby a suitable connection with the corresponding key levers whereby themaximu'm degree of throw may be imparted to the type bars from the keylevers with a minimum degree of normal separation between type bar andkey lever, resulting in a compact machine.

lt a fui-ther object of the invention to provide a form of rollingsupport and guide for thetail end of the type bar, thus making it.possible to dispense with the usual lower tail end guides onreciprocating type bar constructions and making it possible to use amuch shorter type bar, and still obtain the maximum amount of throw,while at the saine .time securing a decided advantage not only inconipactness but also in ease of operation due to the elimination ofunnecessary friction of all sliding connections vhich are dispensed within my construcioii. l

Other objects of the invention will appear from the followingspecification which is directed tothe preferred embodiment of myinvention as shown in the drawings forming a part of the specificationand pointed out more particularly in the appended claims.

In the said drawings Figure 1 is a top plan view showing the arrangementof the parts associated with the type bar action of my machine withparts of the machine main frame and platen broken away.

Figure 2 is a detail sectional View through the machine takenapproximately on line 2 2 of Figure 1. In this view parts of thecarriage for supporting the platen and for shifting the same are omittedas lthe same forms no part ofthe invention.

Figui-e 3 is a broken detail Ysectional view illustrating theconstruction of the type bar action, the view being taken approximatelyon line 3 3 of Figure 2.\

The invention yis preferably incorporaed into a construction having amain supporting frame of special and irregular `construction asindicated by the reference character`- 10. This frame is preferably ofintegral construction and the side portions of the frame are designatedby the reference character the back side o f the` frame at 10b and thefront at 10C.` The frame is provided with four or more downwardlyextending projections or legs l()d bywhieh the machine may be supportedupon a flat surface as upon a table top. 1l designates generally theplaten of the ordinary cylindrical form. It will be understood thattheplaten will besupported in the ordinary manner upon a carn riage ofany desired construction' mounted upon the main frame 10. No carriage isshown in the drawing as this forms no part of the present invention.

Cooperating with the platen l1 are the printing types 12, the latterbeing secured to and forming a part of the composite type bars which aredesignated generally by the ,reference character 12, and are arranged ina type bar frame on the upper side of the machine above the main frame1(), 'the arrangement of the type barsbeing preferably in the form of a`segment of a circle with the `longitudinal axis ofL each of the typebars 12 intersecting the printing surface of the platen at the normalprinting point which is designated by the reference character 11,(Figures 1 and 2). The composite type bars 12 preferably consist of thetype members 12 extending vertically and provided with three printingcharacters as designated by `the reference charactersf12", 12c and 12d.

portionin the general form of a rectangle,

the central part of the body portion being cut away for lightness. Thebody portion 12e, omfthe type bar has an extension from the rectangularportion which is designated in Figure 2 by the reference 12, the latterbeing inthe form of a toothedrack bar, the teeth being designated bythereference character 12g. 'The toothed rack bar portion 12t of the typebar 12 is normally in engagement with a segmental gear ora toothedsegmental subv lever designated generally by the reference l e0 dicated`by the screws 1,7 toxthe type bar character 13, the teeth ofthesegmental gear being designated at 13a. The rack 'portion 12 of thetypebar therefore rests upon the toothed portion of the 'segmental' gearor sub-lever 13 and is carried thereby, while the forward end of thetype bar is carried upon` `the surface of the plate 14 which is sup-"ported `upon the frame 15 which carries the type bar action'. That isto say the lower extremity of the forward end of the type bar hasfrictional engagement With the topsurfacevof rtheplate 14 buty is guided`in its reciprocating movement to and from the printingy surface oftheplaten in order to` insure contact at thenormal printing point by reasonofthe fact that the separated body portionsL *12 yand 16"A of the typebar are action i supporting frame (see .Figure 2) yThe slotted comb orguide member 16.1s

` curved invfthearcofacircleto conformwith i the ycircular arrangementof the type j-bar acy,tions byrwhicmeach of the l printingfaces of thetype bars are'caused to impinge upon or strike the normal printing pointupon the surface of the platen. It should be here noted as will beapparent from an inspection of the top plan view of the type portions of'the various tJype-bars 12a as shown in the `top plan view of Figurelthat the printing type bar in order to form a suitable portion `forcontact with the cushioning member 18 as` shown in both Figures 1 and 2.This cushion may be of felt or other suitable cushioning material andsecured to the concavely curved face of the plate 19 secured asindicated by screws 20 to the upper Portion 21 of the type bar actionframe. Each of the type bar members 12'*L will therefore normally restyagainst the cushioning part 18 which will also absorbany tendency tovibration on the part of the type bar action upon the return orretraction of the type bar after contact with the printing face of theplaten.

I prefer to v'extend the llower edge ofthe plate 19 below the frame 21as shown in Figure 2(`thereby forming an upper retaining ledge forcooperating withy the upper surface or edges of the type bars 12e forpreventing any tendency on the part of the typebar to rise at theforward or printing end.

At the front side of the cu'rved frame 21 I secure by suitablescrews,'as indicated at 22 an additional type bar guide plate 23 aportion of which is shown 1n detail in Fi re 3. This guide plate 23 isof special construction being notched as indicated at 23a to receive acooperating portion at the up'per edge of' each ofthe type bars 12.` Thebody portions 12' of the type bars which are provided with `the toothedrack portions 12g have attached to them on each slde by means of rivets12h spaced plates 12.V The "plates 12l aresecured yto the rack plortions12t of the type bars so that along t e upper edge of the type bar` aboutone sixteenth of an inch of the body of the type fbar member` Vl2tprojects above the upper ed ets-of` the` sideplates1'21. This pro-`vjection o vthe ype bar member 12t is preferably just a tri e more thanthe depth of the' ber 23 so that the member`12 only Vengages with theplate and the side members of the type barl clear the guide plate. Theplates 12i arepreferably allowed to extend a short.y

'slots or notches 23 in the yguide curvedmemdistance below :the ylowerextremities .of the 'teeth12F ofthe rack on the type bar.

The: segmental gear`13,having the teeth 13sl cooperating*withthe teethof the type bar, is also provided with curved side plates 13b, one oneach side ofthe segmental gear and secured to the latter by rivets 13.The arrangement ot' the plates 13b upon the segmental lgear or sub-lever13, together with the plates 12i upon the type bais, it will be seen, issuch that these plates are normally in rolling engagement with eachother throughout all relative movement of the parts so that there is notendency for the teeth of the type bar racks to ride up on the teeth ofthe segmental gear or sub-lever 13, as the weight of the type bars willbe carried upon the curved upper surfaces of the plates 13", thusproviding a rolling action and minimizing friction and also insuringproper meshing of the teeth of the racks and segmental gears at alltimes without any tendency for the teeth, by reason of wear or anyshifting of relation, to get out of proper mesh. This insures uniformityof cooperation between the parts and easy action at all times throughoutlthe life of the machine since the plates 12i and 13b may obviously beconstructed so as to preclude the possibility of any considerablevariation in the meshing of the teeth due to wear of the parts.Obviously, each of the longitudinally movableV type bars 12 will` have acooperating sublever or segmental gear 13 as illustrated in Figures 2and 3. The segmental gears or sub-levers 13 are arranged in the arc of acircle and supported in the slotted segment frame 30, which is securedby screws 31 to the front curved edgeof the type bar action supportingframe 15. The segmental gears or sub-levers 13 are secured on a commoncurved pivot pin or wire 32 in the segment frame 30. Links 33l connectarms 13e of the sub-levers or segmental gears 13 with key levers 34which are pivoted at 35 to the main frame 10. v

It will be seen that when an operator depresses one of the keys 34a andthe corresponding key lever 34 the pull of the link 33 will rock thesub-lever or segmental gear 13 to the position shown in dotted lines inFigure 2, which will result in the longitudinal movement of the type bar12 to the position of the type bar also shown indotted lines in' Figure2 where the printing face 12c ofthe type bar will cont-act with theprinting point 11a on the laten. Thekey levers 34 are held in theirnormal or elevated position shown in full lines'in Figure 2 by means ofsuitable compression springs 37 interposed between the levers and thesupporting bar 38 shown in section in Figure 2 as attached to the mainframe 10. The springs 37 are made adjustable by means of screws and thecompression power of the springs may be adjusted to return the type barand its operatingv mechanism to the normal or retracted position asshown in full lines in Figure 2 after being operated to the printingposition.

A type guide as indicated by the reference character 40, Figures 1 and2, is preferably employed to properly position the printing types whenthe type bars are actuated to' the printing position. 41 is a universalbar positioned so as to be actuated by the movement of any one of thekey levers for the purpose of operating the carriage escapement in theusual manner in machines of this character.

42 is the usual space har connected through levers 43 with the carriageescapement of the machine in the usual or any desired manner. 50 is acovering plate which may be conveniently arranged as a shield over thetop ot the machine cove-ring the type bar actions to any extent desired,and at the same time may -be utilized for applying the name of themachine thereto or for ornamental urposes.

From the preceding description, considered in connection with thedrawing, it will be noted that the location and narrow formation of therack 12g on the type bar near the top lever thereof permits of themental gear l13 being extended upwardly well above the lowermost edge ofthe type bar 12 While positioned in the same vertical plane. In otherWords, the type bar and segmental gear may be said to overlap eachsegmental gear or-sub-lever 13 than heretofore obtained in type baractions employing a reciprocating type bar and bell crank form ofsub-lever necessarily havin a vertically slidable connection between t ebell crank lever and the type bar, where the bell crank lever is of thesame effective radius and has the same angular movement as the segmentalgear 13 of my invention. This will be better understood when it isconsidered that with the segmental gear and rack, the type bar travels adistance corresponding to the arc intersected by the angle through.which the segmental gear moves whereas with a bell crank or other typeof lever type bar actuator, the distance vmoved by the type bar is onlyequal to or less than the chord intersected by the are through which thebell crank lever moves By reason of this, it will be observed that I amenabled to reduce 'the required length of the type bar and the spacerequired for its longitudi-A nal movements. `The rolling supportafforded by the segmental gear eliminates necessity for any stationarysupport for the outeror rear end of the type bar, a factor alsocontributing to the shortness of the type bar. 1

Vith ithe improved form of type bar action herein shown, described andclaimed I am enabled to construct a machine having the capabilities ofstandard full sized machines both as to ease of operation andlcapacityfor doing the Vmost diiiicult work that is obtainable inv any of thestandard sized machines and at the same time keeping the size of themachine Withinl ythe limits Where it will occupy one third or even lessthan one third of the` space ordinarily "0ccupied by ordinarytypewriting machines of standard design.

In order that the invention mi ht be lunderstood the details of the preerred embodiment have been set forth but it is not desired to be limitedto theexact details of the type bar action shown for it Will be apparentthat persons skilled in the art may` secutively and horizontallyarranged along one side of the type'bar, a key lever, a pivotedsubalever provided with a curved toothed segmental portion engaging theteeth of the rack, on the type bar, a station- `ary guide ladjacent theltoothed portion ot the type bar for preventing lateral movement tiereof, cooperating means on the sub lever and type bar adjacent theengaging portions thereof for preventing'lateral relative movementbetween the-said sub-lever and type bar, and means for operativelyconnectingthe key hlever with the sub-lever.

2. In atype bar action for typewriting machines, 1the combination With alongitudinally movable type -bar rovided with a toothed rack portion, a`guide plate secured tothe toothed rack portion of the type bar`adjacent the teeth thereon, a pivoted key lever, a pivoted sub-leverprovided with curved toothed segmental portion engaging the teethk ofthe""rack on the type bar, a.

curved plate secured to the toothed segmental portion of the pivtedsub-lever adjacent the teeth thereon and being provided with a curvedsurface adaptedy to have rolling engagement with the guide plate securedto the toothed rack portion of the type bar, and means for connectingthe key lever with the sub-lever for actuatlng` the latter and thetypebar `upon the movement of the key lever.

3. In a type bar action kfor typewriting machines, the'comblnation witha longitudinally movable type bar provided with a rack' portion, guideplates secured to the 'type bar on each side of the said toothed porakey lever, and means for 'connecting the l key' lever with the sub-leverfor actuating the latter and the type bar under the control of the keylever. j n

4. In a type bar action for typewriting machines the combination With alcngitudi nally movable type bar provided with a toothed or rackportion, a pivoted key lever, a pivoted sub-lever providedwith a curvedtoothed segmental ortion engaging the teeth of the rack on t e type bar,means for connecting the'key lever with the sub-lever for actuating thelatter andthe type bar through the movement of the key lever, and

means for determining the meshing of the teeth of the type bar and theteeth of the curvedtoothed segmental ortion of the sublever comprising apair o spaced plates se cured adjacent the toothed portion of the type`bar and a pair of cooperating curved space plates secured adjacent thetoothed segmental portions of the sub-lever.

a type bar action fort'ypewriting machines the combination with alongitudinall reciprocable type bar provided with a toot ied rackportion at one end and a type bearing portion at the other end, astationary guide for the bar adjacent the type bearingy end, a keylever, a pivoted sub-lever provided Witha curved toothed segmentalportion in engagement with the underside of the toothed rack portion ofthe ytype bar, and cooperating means on the type bar and the toothedsegmental portion of the sublever whereby to afford a rolling ysupportfor the toothed end of the rack bar, and' means for operably connectingthe key lever with the sub-lever. v

6. In a type bar actionI for typewriting machines the combination with arplurality of longitudinally reciprocabletype bars each provided-Withtoothed racks consisting of' a plurality of teeth consecutivelyandhorizontally arranged along one. side of the type bar, the type barsbeing arranged radially 1n a common plane and having suitableguidingdevices whereby uponthe reci rocation ofeach of the typeL bars theprinting face thereof will intersect a common printing oint,`pivoted keylevers andpivoted subevers corresponding with each of the said typebars, the said slib-levers beingfeach provided with a toothed segmentalportion engaging the toothed portion of the type bars, means forconnecting cach of the key levers with its corresponding sub-leverwhereby th actuation of the key lever will move the si b-lever and thetype bar, means providingr a sliding support for the longitudinallyreciprocable type bars near their endsprovided with type., andcooperating means on the said toothed segmental portions of the'sub-levers and the toothed rack portions of the type bars whereby thetoothed ends ofthe type bars have a rolling engagement with and arecarried by the toothed segmental portions of the sub-levers.

7. In a type bar actionfor typewriting machines, the combination with areciprocating type bar having a rack extending lengthwise thereof; of asegmental gear cooper'- able with said rack of the type bar; guidingmeans for the type bar in its reciprocating .movements; means,independent of said guiding means, for maintaining said rack andsegmental gear in operative alinement;` and means, including a. key, foreifecting oscillation of said segmental gear.

S. In a type bar action for typewriting machines, the combination with atype bar having a horizontal reciprocating movement,

for guiding the type bar in its reciprocating movements; and means foreffecting oscillai gear cooperable with said rack, said gear Vus beinglocated in the same general vertical plane as that of the type bar andpartly above the level of the extended verticall bottom edge of sai mainportion of the' type bar; means for guiding the ty e bar in itsreciprocatin movements; an means for e'ecting oscillation of saidsegmental gear at will, said means including a pivoted key lever ,andconnection therefrom to said segmental gear.

10. In a type bar'action for typewriting machines. the combination witha type bar having a horizontal reciprocating movement, said bar havingthe main portion of suficient vertical height to adapt it to carry apluralityv of vertically spaced4 type of different' character atone endthereof, said bar having a downwardly faced rack of relatively narrowvertical dimension extending from theA opposite end of said main portionnear the top level thereof g of a segmental gear cooperable with saidrack, said gearbeing located in the same general vertical plane as thatof the type bar and partly extended vertically above the level of thebottom edge of said main portion of the type bar'; means for guiding thetype bar in its reciprocating movements; means for effecting oscillationof said segmental gear at will; and means for maintaining said gear andrack in vertical operative alinement.

11. In a type bar action for typewriting machines, the combination witha longitudinally reciprocable type bar provided with a longitudinallyextending rack, a key, ay

pivoted sub-lever provided with a segmental toothed portion cooperablewith the teeth of said rack on the type bar, stationary guiding meanscooperable with the type bar for preventlng lateral movement thereof,cooperating means on said sub-lever and type bar arranged to preventlateral relative movement between thel said sub-lever and type bar, andmeans for operatively connecting said key with the sub-lever.

12. In a type bar action for -typewriting machines,l the combinationwith a. plurality of longitudinally reciprocable type bars each providedwith longitudinally extending racks, the type bars being arrangedradially in a common .planeand having suitable guiding devices wherebyupon reciprocation of each of the typebars the printing face thereofwill intersect a common printing point, finger keys, pivoted sub-leverscorresponding with each of the said type bars, each sub-lever beingprovided with a segmental toothed portion cooperating with the teeth ofthe corresponding type bar rack, means connecting each of said eys withits corres onding sub-lever whereby the actuating o the key will movethe sub-lever and the type bar, means providing a sliding support forthe longitudinally reciprocable type bars near their ends provided withtype, and cooperating means on the said segmental toothed portions ofthe sub-levers and the rack portions of they type bars whereby the rackportions of the t` pe bars have a rolling engagement with' an aresupported by.,the segmental toothed portions o the sub-levers.

13. In a -typewriting machine the combination with a type bar arranged`to reciproy lo cate longitudinally in a stra-ight line, said barcomprising a plate having they main body portion in the generalformation of a rectangle adaptedto carry the type `at one end andprovided with an arm of lesser width than'that of the rectangleextending- -that of the plate type bar and having a portion thereofnormally in longitudinal alinementwith the portion of said end ot' therectangular main portion of thetype bar below said extended arm:relatively stationn ary means for guiding the .typevbar in itsreciprocating movements to and from print ing position; means, includinga key, for

effecting oscillation of said sub-lever; and

means operable between said sub-lever and said arm 'for translatingoscillating movement of the lever "into av reciprocating straightlinemovement of the type bar.

bination with a ty e bar arranged to reciprocate longitudine ly, said`bar `comprising a plate having the main body portion. in the generalformation of a rectangle adapted to carry the type at one endandprovided With a relative] narrow arm extending longitudinally rom theother vend thereof substantially in line With one of the sides ofv saidrectangle; a pivoted' sub-lever compris- 'ing a platev disposed-.in thesame plane as `that of the plate type bar and'having a portion thereof'normally in longitudinal alinement'with said endof the, rectangular mainportion" of ythe type bar from which said arm is extended;relativelystationary means for guiding the ty e bar 1n its reciprocatingmovements to an from? printing position; means, including a key, foreffecting oscillation lof said sub-lever; means operable between saidsub-lever and saidy armfory translating voscillating movement of thelever into a reciprocating movement of the type bar;

and cooperating means on saidl arm and sub-` y lever providing a rollingsupport `for said arm during movements of the lever andtype bar.

l5. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a type ybar arrangedto reciprocate horizontally in a straight line; of stationary supportingmea-ns for the inner type-carrying end of the bar; a pivoted levercooperatively associated with the outer end of the type bar to effectreciprocation thereof upon oscillation of'y the lever, said leversupporting said outeryend of the type bar at the same horizontal levelin all positions of the latter; and meansfor effecting oscillation ofsaid lever. i

16. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a type bar arrangedto reciprocate longitudinally in astraight line, said har comprising aplate having the main body portion in the) general formation of a4rectangle adapted to carry the type at oneend and provided with an armof lesser width than that of the rectangle extending longitudinallyfromthe other end thereof sub- '14. In a typewriting machine, the 'com-`movements to and from printing position;

means, including a key, for effecting oscillation of said sub-lever;means operable between said sub-lever and said arm for translatingoscillatin movements of the lever intoa`reciprocat1ng straight linemovement y' of the type bar; and means for' preventing relative lateralmovement between thev type barand sub-lever.

In witness that I claim the foregoing, I

- have hereunto subscribed my name this 9th day of August, A. D. 1920.

y MAX GARBEL. Witnesses:

SAMUEL JAss, IRWIN N; WALKER.

